Poster Session I (4:00pm-6:00pm)

POSTER · D1

Presentations

  • Preliminary results for a measurement of the n=2 Lamb shift in atomic hydrogen

    POSTER

    Authors

    • N. Bezginov

      York University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Preliminary results for a higher-precision measurement of the helium n=2 triplet P fine structure

    POSTER

    Authors

    • K. Kato

      York University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • E. A. Hessels

      York University

    View abstract →

  • Cold Atoms Inside Optical Cavity: Beyond the Semi-classical Treatment

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Chuanzhou Zhu

      Rice University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Two-Photon Blockade in an Atom-Driven Cavity QED System

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Christoph Hamsen

      Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Observing Higgs and Goldstone modes in a supersolid quantum gas

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Philip Zupancic

      ETH Zurich

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Millimeter-long fiber Fabry-Perot cavities

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    Authors

    • Torben Popplau

      Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France)

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Quantum Many-Body Physics with Multimode Cavity QED

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Varun Vaidya

      Stanford University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Benjamin Lev

      Stanford University

    View abstract →

  • Cavity-mediated coherent coupling of atomic motion and spin

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Emma Dowd

      Univ of California - Berkeley, University of California - Berkeley

    • Jonathan Kohler

      Univ of California - Berkeley, University of California - Berkeley

    • Justin Gerber

      Univ of California - Berkeley, University of California - Berkeley

    • Dan Stamper-Kurn

      University of California, Berkeley, Univ of California - Berkeley, University of California - Berkeley

    View abstract →

  • Rapid onset of decoherence in driven-dissipative Rydberg systems

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Eric Magnan

      JQI - Institut d'Optique

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Quantum simulation of spin polarons with dipolar superlattice gases

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Lushuai Cao

      MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Efficient numerical technique for calculating the properties of interacting dimers in the Peierls-Hubbard model

    POSTER

    Authors

    • John Sous

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Resonant interactions of Ytterbium-173 in mixed confinements

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Luis Riegger

      LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Mean-field scaling of the superfluid to Mott insulator transition in a 2D optical superlattice.

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Masayuki Okano

      University of California, Berkeley

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Measuring correlations in attractive and repulsive Fermi-Hubbard systems with a lithium quantum gas microscope

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Peter Schauss

      Princeton University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Detection of antiferromagnetic order and characterizing spin-charge separation with ultracold $^6$Li in a compensated optical lattice

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Ya-Ting Chang

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston TX, Rice Univ

    • Zhenghao Zhao

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston TX, Rice Univ

    • Tsung-Lin Yang

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston TX, Rice Univ

    • Chung-You Shih

      None

    • Randall Hulet

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston TX, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice Univ

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  • Exploring long-range antiferromagnets with single-site resolution

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Christie S. Chiu

      Harvard University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Progress Towards Spectroscopy of Pairs in the Attractive Fermi-Hubbard Model

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Wenchao Xu

      University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    View abstract →

  • Quantum Gas Microscope for Fermionic $^{\mathrm{40}}$K

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Melih Okan

      Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    • Matthew Nichols

      Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    • Lawrence Cheuk

      Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    • Hao Zhang

      Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    • Martin Zwierlein

      Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT

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  • Antiferromagnetic spinor condensates in a bichromatic superlattice

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Tao Tang

      Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Measuring the Speed of Sound in a 1D Fermi Gas

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Jacob Fry

      Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials

    • Yi Jin

      Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials

    • Anna Marchant

      Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials

    • Randall Hulet

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston TX, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice Univ

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  • Detecting The FFLO Phase In The Dimensional Crossover Of An Imbalanced FERMI Gas

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Yi Jin

      Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005

    • Jacob Fry

      Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005

    • Anna Marchant

      Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005

    • Melissa Revelle

      Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005

    • Randall Hulet

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston TX, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice Univ

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  • Coherence of strongly interacting 2D quantum gases

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Lennart Sobirey

      Univ Hamburg

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Preserving squeezed spin states of a spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate with rotary echoes

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Wenxian Zhang

      School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Spinor Dynamics Of A Freely Expanding F=1 Bose-Einstein Condensate

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Zachary Glassman

      Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland

    • Donald Fahey

      Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    View abstract →

  • Internal state control of a dense sample of ultracold $^{\mathrm{23}}$Na$^{\mathrm{87}}$Rb molecules

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Xin Ye

      Chinese Univ of Hong Kong

    • Mingyang Guo

      Chinese Univ of Hong Kong

    • Junyu He

      Chinese Univ of Hong Kong

    • Dajun Wang

      Chinese Univ of Hong Kong

    • Goulven Quéméner

      Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, Laboratoire Aimé Cotton,CNRS

    • Maykel González-Martínez

      Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, Laboratoire Aimé Cotton,CNRS

    • Olivier Dulieu

      Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, Universite Paris-Sud, Laboratoire Aimé Cotton,CNRS

    View abstract →

  • Low-energy excitations of a Bose-Einstein condensate of rigid rotor molecules

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Joseph Smith

      Western Washington University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Bose-Einstein condensate of rigid rotor molecules

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Evan Jones

      US Naval Academy

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Ryan Wilson

      US Naval Academy

    View abstract →

  • Cold K-Ca$^{\mathrm{+}}$ interaction studies in an ion-atom hybrid trap

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Jyothi Saraladevi

      Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332

    • Kisra Egodapitiya

      Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • A two-species quantum gas experiment for the preparation of ultracold polar NaK molecules

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Torben Schulze

      Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Characterisation of a magneto-optical trap for CaF molecules

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Stefan Truppe

      Imperial College London

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Implementation of in-vacuum electrodes for manipulating interactions between ultracold KRb molecules

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Kyle Matsuda

      JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Ultra cold $^{\mathrm{23}}$Na$^{\mathrm{40}}$K molecules in Munich - d/D route to the ground state NaK molecule

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Xin-Yu Luo

      Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Ultracold 4-center reactions of KRb molecules.

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Ming-Guang Hu

      Harvard University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    View abstract →

  • Hyperfine structures of the $B^{\mathrm{1}}\Pi $, $c^{\mathrm{3}}\Sigma ^{\mathrm{+}}$, and $b^{\mathrm{3}}\Pi $ states of ultracold$^{\mathrm{\thinspace 85}}$Rb$^{\mathrm{133}}$Cs via short range photoassociation

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Jin-Tae Kim

      Photonic Eng., Chosun Univ., Korea, Dept. of Photonic Eng., Chosun Univ., Korea

    • Toshihiko Shimasaki

      Dept. of Physics, Yale Univ., USA

    • Yuqi Zhu

      Dept. of Physics, Yale Univ., USA

    • David DeMille

      Yale University, Dept. of Physics, Yale Univ., USA

    View abstract →

  • Triplet ground state NaLi molecules

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Ariel Sommer

      MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    • Timur M. Rvachov

      Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    • Hyungmok Son

      Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    • Juliana Park

      Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Martin Zwierlein

      Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT

    • Wolfgang Ketterle

      The department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Centre for Ultracold Atoms, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    • Alan O. Jamison

      Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    View abstract →

  • Simple model for molecular scattering

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Nirav Mehta

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, Trinity University

    • Christopher Ticknor

      Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory

    • Kaden R. A. Hazzard

      Rice University, Rice university, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University

    View abstract →

  • Coherent microwave control of ultracold $^{\mathrm{23}}$Na$^{\mathrm{40}}$K molecules

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Zoe Yan

      Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    View abstract →

  • Bent dark soliton dynamics in two spatial dimensions beyond the mean field approximation

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Simeon Mistakidis

      University of Hamburg, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg

    • Garyfallia Katsimiga

      University of Hamburg, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg

    • Georgios Koutentakis

      University of Hamburg, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg

    • Panagiotis Kevrekidis

      University of Massachusetts, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst

    • Peter Schmelcher

      University of Hamburg, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg

    View abstract →

  • Quasiparticle and phase-slip induced excitations in ultracold lithium gases

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Francesco Scazza

      INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Dark soliton rings in a Bose--Einstein condensate using Raman imprinting techniques

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Maitreyi Jayaseelan

      University of Rochester, Univ of Rochester

    • Joseph D. Murphree

      University of Rochester, Univ of Rochester

    • Justin T. Schultz

      University of Rochester, Univ of Rochester

    • Azure Hansen

      Univ of Rochester

    • Nicholas P. Bigelow

      Department of Physics, The University of Rochester, NY 14627, USA, University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Rochester, 206 Bausch and Lomb Hall, Rochester, NY 14627, USA, Univ of Rochester

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  • Decay of Josephson Superflow via Vortex-Ring Emission

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Nick Proukakis

      Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Comparing Zeeman qubits to hyperfine qubits in the context of the surface code: $^{171}$Yb$^{+}$ and $^{174}$Yb$^{+}$

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    Authors

    • N.C. Brown

      Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Microfabricated Microwave-Integrated Surface Ion Trap

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Melissa C. Revelle

      Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Grover's unstructured search by using a transverse field

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Zhang Jiang

      NASA/Ames Res Ctr, NASA Ames Research Center

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Theoretical study of the adsorption energy of some linear saturated hydrocarbons on SWCNT: DFT calculations

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Hewa Abdullah

      Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Applications of the trilinear Hamiltonian with three trapped ions

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Roland Esteban Hablutzel Marrero

      Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore

    • Shiqian Ding

      Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore

    • Gleb Maslennikov

      Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore

    • Jaren Gan

      Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore

    • Stefan Nimmrichter

      Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore

    • Alexandre Roulet

      Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore

    • Jibo Dai

      Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore

    • Valerio Scarani

      Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore; Department of Physics, National University of Singapore

    • Dzmitry Matsukevich

      Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore; Department of Physics, National University of Singapore

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  • Towards quantum many-body physics with Sr in optical lattices

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Stepan Snigirev

      Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Quantum simulations of quantum magnetism with hundreds of trapped ions

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Kevin Gilmore

      Dept. Physics, U. Colorado, JILA, NIST, and Dept. Phys, U. Colorado, Boulder, CO

    • Justin Bohnet

      National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, CO, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder

    • Elena Jordan

      NIST, Boulder, CO

    • Martin Gaerttner

      Univ Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, JILA, NIST, and Dept. Phys, U. Colorado, Boulder, CO

    • Arghavan Safavi-Naini

      Univ of Colorado - Boulder, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, JILA, NIST, and Dept. Phys, U. Colorado, Boulder, CO

    • Ana Maria Rey

      JILA, NIST, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, JILA, JILA, NIST, and Dept. Phys, U. Colorado, Boulder, CO

    • John Bollinger

      National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, CO, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder

    View abstract →

  • Integrated Technologies for Chip-Scale Trapped-Ion Quantum Control

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Robert McConnell

      MIT Lincoln Laboratory

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Quantum simulation of spin-bath dynamics with trapped ions

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Dylan Gorman

      Univ of California - Berkeley

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Sorting atoms in a 3D optical lattice

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Aishwarya Kumar

      The Pennsylvania State University

    • Tsung-Yao Wu

      The Pennsylvania State University

    • Yang Wang

      University of Maryland

    • David Weiss

      Penn State, Pennsylvania State University, The Pennsylvania State University

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  • Trapped ion system for sympathetic cooling and non-equilibrium dynamics

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Charlie Doret

      Williams College Dept. of Physics

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Magnetic-Gradient Cold-Atom Launching

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Benedict Feinberg

      Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

    • Harvey Gould

      Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

    • Rapha\"{e}l Jannin

      Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

    • Charles T. Munger Jr.

      Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

    • Hiroshi Nishimura

      Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

    View abstract →

  • Single Atoms in Nearly Concentric Cavity

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Adrian Nugraha Utama

      Centre for Quantum Technologies

    • Chi Huan Nguyen

      Centre for Quantum Technologies

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Christian Kurtsiefer

      Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore; Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Centre for Quantum Technologies

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  • High-efficiency Coherent Optical Memory based on Electromagnetically Induced Transparency.

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Ying-Cheng Chen

      Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Inst. of Atomic and Molecular Sci., Academia Sinica, Taiwan

    • Ya-Fen Hsiao

      Molecular Science and Technology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Central University, Taiwan

    • Pin-Ju Tsai

      Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taiwan

    • Hung-Shiue Chen

      Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taiwan

    • Sheng-Xiang Lin

      Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taiwan

    • Chih-Chiao Hung

      Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taiwan

    • Chih-Hsi Lee

      Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taiwan

    • Yi-Hsin Chend

      Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan

    • Yong-Fan Chen

      Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan

    • Ite Albert Yu

      Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan

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  • Cooperative spontaneous emissions from resonant long-range dipole-dipole interactions: Super- and subradiance, and superradiant laser

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Hsiang-Hua Jen

      Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan

    • Ming-Shien Chang

      Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan

    • Ying-Cheng Chen

      Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Inst. of Atomic and Molecular Sci., Academia Sinica, Taiwan

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  • Transfer of Orbital and Spin angular momentum from non-paraxial optical vortex to atomic BEC

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Anal Bhowmik

      Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • EIT amplitude noise spectroscopy

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Benjamin Whitenack

      Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Crescimanno

      Dept. of Physics and Astron., Youngstown State University

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  • Optical Control of a Nuclear Spin in Diamond

    POSTER

    Authors

    • David Levonian

      Harvard Univ

    • Michael Goldman

      Harvard Univ

    • Kristiaan DeGreve

      Harvard Univ

    • Soonwon Choi

      Harvard Univ

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Mikhail Lukin

      Harvard University, Harvard Univ

    View abstract →

  • Time-local equation for exact time-dependent optimized effective potential in time-dependent density functional theory

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Sheng-Lun Liao

      National Taiwan University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Strong-field ionization and fragmentation of acetylene, ethylene, and ethane

    POSTER

    Authors

    • E. Wells

      Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Efficient and scalable ionization of neutral atoms by an orderly array of gold-doped silicon nanowires

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Igal Bucay

      University of Texas, Austin

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Suppressed tunneling ionization of vanadium

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Xi Chu

      The University of Montana

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Ionization of alkaline earth atoms in intense femtosecond laser fields

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Bradford Talbert

      The Ohio State University

    • Yu Hang Lai

      The Ohio State University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Wavelength Dependence of the Strong-Field Ionization of Isomeric Molecules

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Stefan Zigo

      Kansas State University, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA

    • Alberto Gonzalez Castrillo

      Texas A and M University, Department of Chemistry, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

    • Robert Lucchese

      Texas A\&M University, Texas A \& M University, Texas A and M University, Department of Chemistry, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

    • Anh-Thu Le

      J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA

    • Carlos Trallero

      James R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA, Kansas State University

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  • Three-dimensional momentum imaging of dissociation in flight of metastable molecular ions

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Bethany Jochim

      J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Reid Erdwien

      J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • T. Severt

      Kansas State University, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Ben Berry

      J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Peyman Feizollah

      J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Jyoti Rajput

      Kansas State University, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Y. Malakar

      Kansas State University, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • B. Kaderiya

      Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • W. L. Pearson

      Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • K. D. Carnes

      J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • A. Rudenko

      Kansas State University, JRML, Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • I. Ben-Itzhak

      Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

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  • Imaging three-body breakup involving two identical fragments

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Peyman Feizollah

      J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • T. Severt

      Kansas State University, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Bethany Jochim

      J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Ben Berry

      J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Kanaka Raju P.

      Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • M. Zohrabi

      J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Jyoti Rajput

      Kansas State University, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • U. Ablikim

      J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • B. Kaderiya

      Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Farzaneh Ziaee

      Kansas State University, JRML, Kansas State University, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • A. Rudenko

      Kansas State University, JRML, Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • D. Rolles

      Kansas State University, JRML, Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • K. D. Carnes

      J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • B.D. Esry

      J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66506, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University

    • I. Ben-Itzhak

      Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

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  • Extracting the wave-packet phase in High-order Harmonic Generation with a homodyne interferometer.

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Georgios Kolliopoulos

      James R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Jan Tross

      James R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Carlos Trallero

      James R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA, Kansas State University

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  • Photoionization of open-shell Cl@C$_{\mathrm{60}}$

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Dakota Shields

      Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA

    • Ruma De

      Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Himadri Chakraborty

      Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA

    View abstract →

  • Photoionization and scattering amplitudes for polyatomic molecules using the overset grid complex Kohn variational method

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Loren Greenman

      University of California, Davis, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

    • Robert R. Lucchese

      Texas A\&M University and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

    • C. William McCurdy

      University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Lab.

    View abstract →

  • Dynamic Effects in the Photoionization of the 6s Subshell of Radon and Nobelium

    POSTER

    Authors

    • David Keating

      Georgia State University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Relativistic Confinement Resonances

    POSTER

    Authors

    • David Keating

      Georgia State University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Fingerprints of core-hole localization in the inner shell ionization of carbon tetrachloride

    POSTER

    Authors

    • B. Gaire

      LBNL

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Isomerization of Ethanol Induced by Synchrotron Radiation

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    Authors

    • Nora G. Kling

      Univ of Connecticut - Storrs

    • Razib Obaid

      Univ of Connecticut - Storrs

    • Utuq Ablikim

      Kansas State University

    • Sven Augustin

      Kansas State University

    • B. Kaderiya

      Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Stefan Zigo

      Kansas State University, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA

    • Ileana Dumitriu

      Hobart and William Smith Colleges

    • Kirsten Schnorr

      Max-Planck-Institut fuer Kernphysik

    • Timur Osipov

      SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, SLAC, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA

    • Rene Bilodeau

      University of Connecticut, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs

    • Daniel Rolles

      Kansas State University

    • Nora Berrah

      Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs,CT

    View abstract →

  • Absolute single photoionization cross section measurements of Rb$^{\mathrm{2+}}$ and Rb$^{\mathrm{3+}}$ ions: experiment and theory

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Daniel Rogers

      University of Montana

    • David Macaluso

      University of Montana

    • Allison Mueller

      University of Montana

    • Andrea Johnson

      University of Montana

    • Kyren Bogolub

      University of Colorado, Boulder

    • Alex Aguilar

      The Advanced Light Source, LBNL

    • A.L. David Kilcoyne

      The Advanced Light Source, LBNL

    • Rene Bilodeau

      University of Connecticut, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs

    • Manuel Bautista

      Western Michigan University

    • Austin Kerlin

      University of West Georgia

    • Nicholas Sterling

      University of West Georgia

    View abstract →

  • Commission of a new 2-color laser-synchrotron COLTRIMS experiment

    POSTER

    Authors

    • A. Gatton

      LBNL

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Strong field studies of F$_2^-$ dissociation and photodetachment*

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Ben Berry

      J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Experimental Measurements of the Electron Affinity of Gallium and Fine Structure of Ga$^{\mathrm{\mathbf{-}}}$

    POSTER

    Authors

    • N.D. Gibson

      Denison University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Contribution of Autoionization Process on the Double Ionization Fragmentation Channel of Carbon Dioxide Molecule

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Wael Iskandar

      Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Multiphoton dissociation of Coronene

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    • Carmen Cisneros

      Instituto de Ciencias Fisicas, UNAM, Mexico

    • Francisco Betancourt

      Instituto de Ciencias Fisicas, UNAM, Mexico

    • Juan Carlos Poveda

      UIS, Colombia

    • Ignacio Alvarez

      Instituto de Ciencias Fisicas, UNAM, Mexico

    • Alfonso Guerrero

      Instituto de Ciencias Fisicas, UNAM, Mexico

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  • Controlling the interactions of very-high-n strontium Rydberg atoms

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    • R.G. Fields

      Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, USA

    • F.B. Dunning

      Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, USA

    • S. Yoshida

      Vienna University of Technology, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, A-1040 Vienna, Austria, European Union

    • J. Burgdӧrfer

      Vienna University of Technology, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, A-1040 Vienna, Austria, European Union

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  • Patterned Complexity in Atomic Scattering

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    • Paul Julienne

      Joint Quantum Institute, JQI, Univ of Maryland-College Park, and NIST

    • Brandon Ruzic

      Joint Quantum Institute, JQI, Univ of Maryland-College Park, and NIST

    • John Bohn

      JILA; NIST: Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado - Boulder, JILA, Univ of Colorado-Boulder, and NIST

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  • Rate constants for the formation of SiO by radiative association

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    • Mark Cairnie

      Penn State University at Berks

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Full-dimensional Quantum Calculations of Rovibrational Transitions in CS induced by H$_2$

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Benhui Yang

      University of Georgia

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Electric field controlled collisions between polar molecules and Rydberg atoms

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Martin Zeppenfeld

      MPI of Quantum Optics

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Three-atom recombination through a narrow Feshbach resonance in $^6$Li

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Jiaming Li

      Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Separating sequential from concerted three-body fragmentation of molecules

    POSTER

    Authors

    • T. Severt

      Kansas State University, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Electron-interacting WIMPs: Can dark matter scattering on electrons explain the DAMA modulation signal?

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Benjamin Roberts

      Univ of Nevada - Reno

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Theoretical Studies of Dissociative Recombination of Electrons with SH$^+$ Ions

    POSTER

    Authors

    • D. O. Kashinski

      United States Military Academy

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Nonperturbative distorted-wave approach for asymptotic solutions of coupled-channel scattering problems

    POSTER

    Authors

    • D. Shu

      University of Connecticut

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • X-ray emission measurements following charge exchange between O$^{8+}$ and Kr

    POSTER

    Authors

    • R. T. Zhang

      Physics Div., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831

    • C. C. Havener

      Physics Div., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831

    • D. G. Seely

      Dep. of Physics, Albion College, Albion, Michigan 49224

    • V. M. Andrianarijaona

      Dep. of Physics, Pacific Union College, Angwin, California 94508

    • M. Fogle

      Dep. of Physics, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849

    • P. C. Stancil

      Dep. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2451

    • D. Wulf

      Dep. of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706

    • D. McCammon

      Dep. of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706

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